Peran Modal Sosial Dalam Meningkatkan Peran Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Dalam Pembangunan Pertanian di Sumatera Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37721/je.v16i3.257Abstract
This research is aimed to find out the factors causing the existence of informal financial institution/ community’s enterprises group (Lembaga Keuangan Informal/ Kelompok Swadaya Masyarakat (LKI/KSM)) and how it plays its role for small farm enterprises (Usaha Tani Kecil/UTK) in the research area, as well as the basic elements and effective financial institution model for UTK. Objectives of the research is responded with multi-cases research approach including formal financial institution (Lembaga Keuangan Formal/LKF) ( PT BPR-LPN Sungai Rumbai, PT BPR Rangkiang Aur, and Koperasi Pegawai Republik Indonesia - Guru-Guru Payakumbuh Utara /KPRI-GPU), semi-formal (LKMA Panampung Prima. KSPP Lundang), informal financial institution (LPN Pulau Mainan, BMT Panampuang), in Dharmasyraya district, Payakumbuh City, and Agam District. Data is analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive method, in which its analysis framework is the reconstruction of financial institution including the analysis of deconstruction and synthesis (Martius, 2004). Based on the analysis result, the research conclusion is that the suitability of financial institution characteristic with UTK nature and dynamic, effectiveness of credit service, and the ability of internal capital mobilization in the form of collective capital and ziswah (zakat, infaq, shodaqoh, waqaf, and hibah) are the factors causing the effectiveness of LKI/KSM role in serving UTK in the research area. The effectiveness of LKI/KSM role is greatly determined by social capital role, religious values and custom values underlying every activity done by the institution, mainly the institution’s establishment, credit service, and internal capital mobilization. Afterwards, from the analysis result, it can be concluded also that some basic elements of financial institution which are effective for UTK in the rural area include the orientation of institution’s establishment in favor of UTK interest in the rural area, suitability of institution’s characteristic and UTK dynamics, effectiveness of credit service and the ability of internal capital mobilization. Based on those basic elements, effective model of financial institution for UTK in the rural area is ideally based on the partisanship principle on UTK interest in the form of the suitability of financial institution characteristic with the nature and dynamics of UTK, as well as the effectiveness of credit service and independency principle and institution’s sustainability through internal capital mobilization. Keywords: Informal financial institution, social capital, religious values and custom values.References
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