Dampak Faktor-Faktor Makro Ekonomi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Produk Domestik Bruto Indonesia

Authors

  • Hendri Rudiawan dan Meirinaldi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37721/je.v21i1.535

Abstract

This study attempts to use macroeconomic variables such as exports, imports, inflation, exchange rates, interest rates, foreign direct investment, the workforce and the unemployment rate as a benchmark to determine the impact on Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth from 1991 to 2017. This study uses secondary data and statistical approaches using multiple regression to analyze the relationship of the variables of existing macroeconomics and their impact on the GDP being studied. The econometric model used is GDP as the dependent variable and its independent variables include exports, imports, inflation, exchange rates, interest rates, foreign direct investment, labor force and unemployment rate. Data on these variables comes from the World Bank website which can be accessed openly. This study found that there was a significant effect of the variables of exports, exchange rates, inflation, labor and the unemployment rate on GDP ups and downs. Export variables, inflation and labor have a positive impact on changes in GDP. While the exchange rate variable and the unemployment rate have a negative relationship to GDP. Meanwhile the import, interest rates and foreign direct investment variables did not have a significant impact on GDP. Based on the results of the analysis the researchers suggested that the government together with Bank Indonesia carry out coordinated and active synergic monetary policies to maintain the exchange rate of the Rupiah against the US Dollar so that GDP growth is maintained in a convincing manner. On the other hand, the government must also encourage an increase in the value of exports and the growth of an educated workforce, as well as conduct an integrated program to reduce the unemployment rate so that the rate of GDP growth can be achieved as planned by the Indonesian government.

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